I was facing this issue when trying to run manually a timer job from the Central Administration GUI.
According to Microsoft, I've clear the cache of SharePoint only from 1 server of my Farm.
I've 4 servers in that Farm, and I had to clear the cache on each servers in my Farm.
This article explain how to clear the cache config, but the path mentioned is specific for SharePoint 2007:
https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/939308/error-message-when-you-try-to-modify-or-to-delete-an-alternate-access
Use this article for the path for SharePoint 2010, 2013 and 2016:
https://gallery.technet.microsoft.com/office/SharePoint-2010-2013-21f55320
1- Stop SharePoint Timer Job Service
2- Navigate to : C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\SharePoint\Config
3- Locate the GUID folder that has the file "Cache.ini", and the .xml files
4- Create a Backup folder
Move all *.xml files into the Backup folder
Copy the Cache.ini into the backup folder
5- Edit the Cache.ini (from the GUID folder)
Select ALL, type 1
Save the Cache.ini file
6- Restart the SharePoint Timer Job, and check that the cache .xml files are created again
Proceed those steps on each servers in your Farm.
Voilà,
That’s all Folks !!!
